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CategoriesVisual Qualities

Fragmented Geometry

Forms broken into facets, shards and intersecting planes, so that objects and space seem splintered and reassembled.

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About

Look for objects split into planes that tilt at different angles, edges that fail to meet, and figures that merge with their surroundings. The approach took shape in Paris between about 1908 and 1912, when Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso broke still lifes, portraits and landscapes into small interlocking facets, as in Picasso's Portrait of Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler (1910). Paul Cézanne's late landscapes, built from blocks of colour, had pointed the way.

The idea spread fast and changed meaning as it travelled. Robert Delaunay shattered the Eiffel Tower into tumbling pieces around 1910–11, Russian Cubo-Futurists such as Lyubov Popova combined faceting with motion, and the London Vorticists turned it towards hard machine imagery. Belgian painters such as Victor Servranckx carried it into full abstraction in the 1920s. Later painters, printmakers and collagists have used broken geometry to suggest multiple viewpoints, memory or a world in pieces.

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