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CategoriesStyles and Movements

Modern and Impressionist Prints

Prints from the 1860s to the mid-20th century, when etching, lithography and woodcut became vehicles for artists' most original ideas.

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In the later 19th century printmaking shifted from reproducing paintings to being an art in its own right. An etching revival in Paris in the 1860s drew in Édouard Manet, and Edgar Degas later experimented with monotype and aquatint. Colour lithography flourished in the 1890s: Jules Chéret and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec filled Paris streets with posters, Alphonse Mucha designed flowing Art Nouveau advertisements, and Pierre Bonnard made albums of city scenes shaped by Japanese prints. In Japan, Tsukioka Yoshitoshi carried the woodblock into the Meiji era with dramatic, ghostly series.

In the 20th century the Expressionists revived the woodcut, and Käthe Kollwitz used etching, lithography and woodcut for images of war, hunger and mourning. Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse made celebrated illustrated books. Look at the character of the line: a bitten etched stroke, a greasy lithographic crayon mark and the grain of a woodblock each leave a distinct trace.

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